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The bullfighter is the protagonist of bullfighting shows. Their task is to repeatedly lead the bull's attacks in a way that is aesthetically attractive, measure it in the kind of cape, direct it to the pike, place the banderillas on it, temper it in the kind of muleta and finally cause death by using a sword called estoque de muerte.
The rapier is the name given to the bullfighter's sword, it is made of steel, narrow and sharp in its last two thirds, with a sharp and strong tip. The blade is not straight and at the tip it has a curvature that bullfighters call death. It is provided with a garrison and handle. According to the bullfighting regulations in force in Spain, “the rapiers will have a maximum steel length of 88 centimeters from the handle to the tip.”
The rapier used during crutch work is usually simulated (also called "helper"), to avoid accidental cuts and due to its lower weight. Right-handed people change it for a rapier when they are about to kill.
The bullfighter has several stages of training, obtained through practice. The first stage is the novillero, in which steers are fought due to their smaller size and strength, generally beginning at festivals without horses, and then moving on to bullfights with picadors according to their results. The second stage is that of matador, where the bullfighter has achieved sufficient skill to develop all the thirds of the fight with style and technique.
When a bullfighter achieves the necessary merits to reach the rank of matador, he performs a special bullfight called alternative. The alternative can be found in any first-class bullring; However, matadors generally confirm their alternative in places of particular tradition.
Bullfighting includes all the development prior to the show itself, from the breeding of the bull to the making of the light costumes of the participants in the bullfight, in addition to the design and publication of posters and other artistic or advertising manifestations, which vary according to the countries and regions where bullfighting is an integral part of the national culture, such as in Spain, France, Portugal, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. Bullfighting is defined as an art in the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy.
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